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МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ СОХРАНЕНИЯ ПАТОГЕННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЕЙ ПРИРОДНО-ОЧАГОВЫХ САПРОНОЗОВ

МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ СОХРАНЕНИЯ ПАТОГЕННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЕЙ ПРИРОДНО-ОЧАГОВЫХ САПРОНОЗОВ

Abstract

Для межэпидемических периодов природно-очаговых сапронозов характерны различные способы сохранения жизнеспособности возбудителей в наземных паразитарных системах, связанные с различными адаптационными стратегиями необходимыми для сохранения популяции. В отличие от спорообразующих бактерий, возбудители сапронозов используют устойчивые клеточные формы – жизнеспособное, но некультивируемое состояние (VBNC) и персистенцию. Реализация этих стратегий обусловлена влиянием различных стрессорных факторов среды обитания и характеризуется снижением метаболизма, изменением морфологии и физиологии бактериальной клетки, прекращением ее репликации. Важно, что устойчивые формы клеток сохраняют вирулентность и при наступлении благоприятных условий вновь трансформируются в активные вегетативные формы. Открытие в последние годы генетических модулей бактериальных токсин-антитоксиновых систем позволило раскрыть сложные регуляторные молекулярные механизмы сохранения патогенного потенциала устойчивых форм возбудителей природно-очаговых сапронозов в межэпидемические периоды. Ключевые слова: сапронозы, устойчивые клеточные формы бактерий, токсин-антитоксин генетические модули, жизнеспособные, но некультивируемые (VBNC) клетки, персистенция. MOLECULAR-GENETIC MECHANISMS OF CONSERVATION OF THE PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS ENVIRONMENTS OF NATURAL-FOCUS SAPRONOSIS B.G. Andryukov, L.M. Somova, M.P. Bynina Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok, 690087, Russia Summary For interepidemic periods of natural focal sapronoses, various ways of maintaining the viability of pathogens in terrestrial parasitic systems are associated with various adaptation strategies necessary for the conservation of the population. Unlike spore-forming bacteria, sapronose pathogens use stable cellular forms ‒ a viable but uncultivated state and persistence. The implementation of these strategies is due to the influence of various stress factors of the habitat and is characterized by a decrease in metabolism, a change in the morphology and physiology of the bacterial cell, and the cessation of its replication. It is important that stable forms of cells retain virulence and, when favorable conditions come, they are again transformed into active vegetative forms. The discovery in recent years of genetic modules of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems has made it possible to uncover complex regulatory molecular mechanisms for preserving the pathogenic potential of stable forms of pathogens of natural focal sapronoses in interepidemic periods. Keywords: sapronoses, resistant cell forms of bacteria, toxin-antitoxin genetic modules, viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells, persistence.

Keywords

resistant cell forms of bacteria, сапронозы, sapronoses, токсин-антитоксин генетические модули, устойчивые клеточные формы бактерий, жизнеспособные, но некультивируемые (VBNC) клетки, viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells, persistence, toxin-antitoxin genetic modules, персистенция

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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