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Absinth – ein Getränk kommt wieder in Mode: toxikologisch-analytische und lebensmittelrechtliche Bewertungen

Authors: Lachenmeier, Dirk W.; Frank, Willi; Athanasakis, Constanze; Padosch, Stephan A.; Madea, Burkhard; Rothschild, Markus A.; Kröner, Lars U.;

Absinth – ein Getränk kommt wieder in Mode: toxikologisch-analytische und lebensmittelrechtliche Bewertungen

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Diese Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt die unterschiedlichen Aspekte der Bitterspirituose Absinth und deren charakteristischer Bestandteile, insbesondere des Wermuts (Artemisia absinthium L.) und des darin enthaltenen Monoterpens Thujon. Die geschichtliche Entwicklung des Getränks von seiner Entstehung im 18. Jahrhundert bis zu dem vor kurzem wieder aufgehobenen Absinth-Verbot wird dargestellt. Die Herstellung wird vor dem Hintergrund historischer und moderner Rezepturen aufgezeigt. Im Rahmen einer Marktübersicht werden verschiedene Qualitätskategorien beschrieben und eine Übersicht über die analytischen Möglichkeiten zur Absicherung einer Einhaltung des Thujon-Grenzwertes gegeben sowie die Toxikologie von Absinth diskutiert. Abschließend werden Hilfen für die lebensmittelchemische und rechtliche Beurteilung von Absinth und Mindestanforderungen an die Spirituose vorgeschlagen. Summary This review article provides information on all aspects of the bitter spirit, absinthe, and its major components, especially wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.), which contains the monoterpene, thujone. In addition, the history of the alcoholic drink, from its invention in the 18th century until the recent annulment of its prohibition, is described. Historical and modern recipes are discussed in the context of different quality categories. The analytical techniques used to verify compliance with the maximum limit of thujone as well as the toxicology of absinthe are discussed. Finally, a food regulatory and food chemical evaluation is provided and minimum requirements for absinthe are suggested.

Keywords

spirit drink, absinthin, wormwood, Absinthe, thujone, Artemisia absinthium L.

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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