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Il Sistema di informazioni del Portogallo: dal sistema dualistico di sicurezza al concetto monistico di sicurezza nazionale

Authors: Marsili, Marco;

Il Sistema di informazioni del Portogallo: dal sistema dualistico di sicurezza al concetto monistico di sicurezza nazionale

Abstract

ITALIAN - Le minacce transnazionali sorte dopo l’11 settembre 2001, impongono agli Stati di rivedere l’organizzazione e la politica di sicurezza. La difficile congiuntura economica e finanziaria, sopravvenuta nel 2008, obbliga i governi a tagli di bilancio, nell’ottica di maggiori risparmi ed efficienze di sistema, attraverso l’uso di strutture e mezzi comuni, e il coordinamento delle forze e dei servizi di sicurezza. Il dibattito sulla militarizzazione della sicurezza, mentre da un lato preoccupa il potere politico e la società civile, sembra essere l’unica risposta in grado di prevenire, e eventualmente intervenire efficacemente, in caso di attacchi e minacce globali. Si tratta di passare da una visione dualistica di sicurezza interna e difesa nazionale, a una visione monistica di national security. Il Portogallo, dopo la difficile fase seguita alla Rivoluzione dei garofani del 25 aprile 1974, che ha posto fine al regime dell’Estado Novo, ha aspettato 10 anni prima di mettere mano all’organizzazione della sicurezza interna, a causa degli abusi perpetrati dalla PIDE/DGS, e questa attesa ha permesso una serie di attentati terroristici tra il 1979 e il 1983. Già nel 1982, i militari sono stati esclusi dalla vita politica del paese, tramite leggi di riforma costituzionale. Alla luce del mutato quadro internazionale, e delle nuove minacce, le Forze Armate chiedono, in vista dell’approvazione dell’8° Revisione costituzionale, che vengano rimossi i paletti che ne impediscono l’utilizzo in caso di crisi, sottraendole altresì alla subordinazione al potere civile. ENGLISH - Transnational threats that arose after 9/11 require states to review their security policy. The difficult economic situation and financial obliges governments to to budget cuts, in order to achieve higher savings and efficiencies of system through the use of common facilities and resources, and coordination of forces and security services. The debate over the militarization of security, while on the one hand worries political power and civil society, seems to be the only response able to prevent, and if necessary intervene efficiently in the event of attacks and global threats. The issue is the transition from a dualistic view of internal security and national defense, to a monistic view of national security. After the difficult period that followed the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974, which ended the Estado Novo regime, Portugal waited 10 years before reviewing the organization of internal security, because of the abuses committed by PIDE/DGS, and this waiting led to a series of terrorist attacks between 1979 and 1983. Already in 1982, the military were excluded from political life of the country by laws of constitutional reform. In the light of the changed international situation, and of the new threats, the Armed Forces are asking, on the occasion of the 8th Constitutional Review, to remove the barriers which prevent their use in the event of crisis, subtracting the military from the subordination to the civil power.

English title: "The Portuguese Intelligence System: From the Security Dual System to the Monistic Concept of National Security". Available online in html format: http://storiaefuturo.eu/il-sistema-di-informazioni-del-portogallo-dal-sistema-dualistico-di-sicurezza-al-concetto-monistico-di-sicurezza-nazionale/

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Portugal
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Ciências Políticas, Difesa, Intelligence, difesa, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Direito, security, terrorism, Terrorismo, intelligence, armed forces, sicurezza, defense, Forze armate, :Ciências Sociais::Ciências Políticas [Domínio/Área Científica], Sicurezza, forze armate, terrorismo, :Ciências Sociais::Direito [Domínio/Área Científica], :Humanidades::História e Arqueologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::História e Arqueologia

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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