Scholarly communication is undergoing fundamental changes, in particular with new requirements for open access to research outputs, new forms of peer-review, and alternative methods for measuring impact. In parallel, technical developments, especially in communication and interface technologies, facilitate bi-directional data exchange across related applications and systems. The success of repository services in the future will depend on the seamless alignment of the diverse stakeholders at the local, national and international level. The roadmap identifies important trends and their associated action points for the repository community and will assist COAR in identifying priority areas for our interoperability efforts in the future. This document is the culmination of over a year’s work to identify priority issues for repository interoperability. The preparation of the roadmap was spearheaded by Friedrich Summann from Bielefeld University in Germany, with support from a COAR Editorial Group and input from an international Expert Advisory Panel.