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Küresel Etkili Muhasebe ve Denetim Skandallarının Nedenleri Işığında Sarbanes-Oxley Yasası ile SPK Düzenlemesinin Karşılaştırılması

Authors: Aksoy, Tamer;

Küresel Etkili Muhasebe ve Denetim Skandallarının Nedenleri Işığında Sarbanes-Oxley Yasası ile SPK Düzenlemesinin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

ÖZET Geçtiğimiz dönemde Enron, Worldcom vb. dünyanın büyük şirketlerinde küresel etkili muhasebe ve denetim skandalları yaşanmıştır. Skandalların oluşumunda belirli hususlarda yoğunlaşan çok çeşitli faktörler etkili olmuştur. Kurumsal yönetim eksikliği, muhasebe usulsüzlükleri ve buna bağlı güvenilir olmayan gerçeğe aykırı finansal raporlama, iç kontrol eksikliği ve/veya etkinsizliği, yönetim kurulu ve üst yönetimin kamuya açıklanan ve doğru ve güvenilir olması gereken finansal raporlamaya ilişkin sorumluluklarının düşüklüğü, denetim ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin birbirinden ayrılması, denetçi bağımsızlığı, iç kontrol, iç denetim ve dış denetimin yeterince gözetilmemesi vb sorunlar üzerinde odaklanmaktadır. ABD’de skandalları takiben 2002 yılında muhasebe ve denetim mesleğine yönelik pek çok hüküm içeren Sarbanes-Oxley Yasası (SOX) çıkarılmıştır. Çok çeşitli disipline edici kural ve cezai hüküm getiren bu yasayla, yatırımcıların ve kamuoyunun piyasalara, şirket yönetimlerine, finansal raporlamalara ve bağımsız dış denetime olan güveninin tekrar kazanılması amaçlanmıştır. SOX, aynı yıl içinde ülkemize de yansımış ve yasanın kurumsal yönetim, kamuya açıklanan finansal raporlama ve buna ilişkin kurumsal sorumluluk, dış denetçi bağımsızlığı, denetim komiteleri ile iç kontrol ve iç ve dış denetimin gözetimine ilişkin en temel maddeleri (X,19) seri nolu SPK düzenlemesine konu edilmiştir. SOX’in daha dar kapsamlı “Türkiye versiyonunu” oluşturan düzenlemenin ülkemiz bağımsız denetim uygulamasında yürürlüğe konulması, proaktif ve isabetli bir gelişme olmuştur. Bu yasa ile doğru ve güvenilir finansal raporlama, kamuya açıklama, iç kontrol, yönetim, denetim ve gözetim süreçlerinin etkin şekilde oluşturulması ve bu süreçlerdeki tüm ilgili tarafların kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine uyum düzeyinin ve bilincinin artırılmasına yönelik gerekli önlemlerin alınması ve tavizsiz uygulanması önerilmektedir. ABSTRACT The accounting and auditing scandals which created a global effects have been observed at the world’s largeştfirms such as Enron, Worldcom ete. all over the world in recent period. Many various factors had played efficient roles in revealing the scandals and bankruptcies. Those factors have intensified in these points: Lack of corporate governance,, illegal accounting applications, unreal and unreliable financial reporting, lack of internal control and its inefficiency, lowness of the level of responsibilities for the directors board and the top management regarding financial reporting revealed to the public, auditor’s independence, lack of supervision of the internal control, internal auditing and external auditing etc, in 2002, Sarbanes- Oxley Act, , containing many disciplinary rules relating accounting and auditing has been legislated in order to regain the turst of public and investors to the markets, financial reporting, external auditing. Following the legistlation of SOX, main rules of the SOX have been reflected and put into effect into the Turkish market with the SEC Paper Serial no (X,19) by the Turkish SEC’s (SPK-Turkish Capital Markets Board) Regulations.The processes of accounting, reliable financial reporting revealed to public, internal control, management, auditing and supervision should be formed efficiently and it is suggested that necessary precautions regarding the increase of the adaptation and the conscious levels of the all related parties to the corporate governance principles

Keywords

auditing committe, kurumsal yönetim, iç denetim, auditor's independence, financial reporting, iç kontrol, corporate governance, internal audit, denetçi bağımsızlığı, Sarbanes-Oxley Yasası, risk management, Accounting & Auditing Scandals, Enron, internal control, Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), Muhasebe & denetim skandalları, Muhasebe & denetim skandalları, risk yönetimi, SPK Turkish Capital Markets Board's Regulations., SPK düzenlemesi, Accounting & Auditing Scandals, denetim komitesi

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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