This taxonomic catalog of the species of the genus Gyropus (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Gyropidae) includes 27 species and subspecies listed in alphabetical order. The deposition of types, synonymies, collection data, geographical and host distribution are presented for each species. Relevant published taxonomic and biological references are provided. Cases of doubtful host records are discussed with some changes in host associations proposed based on current knowledge of host geographical distributions. The host of Gyropus martini matthaeensis, the only species without a known host, is proposed based on morphological features and distribution records.