Data set used for the report, "Large Scale Evaluation of Erosion Resistance of Biocementation against Bridge Scour and Roadway Shoulder Erosion". The purpose of the report was to develop an alternative approach for armoring the riverbed with biocementation through MICP to mitigate soil erosion. Long-term erosion exposed to outdoor environment, rainfall induced erosion, and accelerated erosion were conducted on MICP-treated samples to prove the feasibility of the MICP technique for potential applications in prevention of bridge scour and road shoulder erosion. The experimental work and discussion about the testing results indicated that exposing to outdoor environment could result in sharp decrease on UCS for MICP-treated samples. But the MICP-treated samples had better resistance to rainfall induced erosion. The bio-surface treatment gave significant help for cement-treated samples to resist accelerated erosion and water absorption, especially the multiple bio-surface treatments method, no erosion could be measured and 5% lower water absorption was achieved after the cement-treated sample was triple treated by bio-surface treatments. The pure MICP-treated samples were also good at resisting accelerated erosion and water absorption. Furthermore, fiber addition and multiple MICP treatments could improve their resistance. The maximum erosion rate of single MICP-treated samples reduced from 0.16 mm/min to 0 mm/min after triple MICP treatment cycles applied on the samples. Extra MICP treatments on soil samples improved the resistance to water absorption significantly. The triple MICP-treated samples achieved a 6% lower absorption than single-treated samples. All these results indicated that the bio-mediated particulate material based on MICP can provide an effective solution for problematic cases of sandy soil in prevention of bridge scour and road shoulder erosion.