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VGAM: Compact and Low Power Mass Spectrometer-based Instrumentation for Volcanic Gas Monitoring

Authors: McMurtry, G; Dasilviera, L; Falinski, K; Fischer, T;

VGAM: Compact and Low Power Mass Spectrometer-based Instrumentation for Volcanic Gas Monitoring

Abstract

Compact mass spectrometers can provide simultaneous multi-species analysis with high sensitivity and precision. For volcanic gas monitoring in situ, instrumental mass spectrometry requires reliability and ruggedness combined with low power usage and portability. The Volcanic Gas Analytical Monitor (VGAM) is capable of quantitative molecular analysis of a variety of atmospheric and volcanic gases in a single sensor by ion trap mass spectrometry. These gases include: H 2 , He, H 2 O, N 2 , O 2 , Ar, NO, N 2 O, CO, CO 2 , H 2 S, SO, SO 2 , and CH 4 . Unlike previous field instruments using magnetic sector and quadrupole mass spectrometers (MS) with vacuums backed by compact turbomolecular pumps, the VGAM uses a low-power autoresonant ion trap MS and NEG-Ion vacuum that operate at only 25 W total power, which is often the power requirement for just the mass spectrometer. Ratio- metric mass spectral response is combined with total pressure measurements to report absolute partial pressures. Data are generated in real time and are recorded to internal flash memory. Relatively low power (<1 Watt) data telemetry to remote sites is possible. Analysis of volcanic plumes, fumaroles, and solfatara fields is accomplished by direct inlet of gases, after trapping as much excess water vapor in both the external and internal foreline as possible. We report herein on the VGAM auto-run and post-processing procedures, initial calibration results for CO 2 , and the results of a brief field deployment at Sulphur Banks solfatara field, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii.

Related Organizations
Keywords

mass spectrometer, volcanic gas,

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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