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DNA Sequencing Basics and its Applications

Authors: Mitra, Manu;

DNA Sequencing Basics and its Applications

Abstract

{"references": ["https://www.genome.gov/10001177/dna-sequencing-fact-sheet/", "http://clarkesworldmagazine.com/kobolt_09_15/", "Carl W Fuller, Shiv Kumar, Mintu Porel, et al. Real-time single-molecule electronic DNA sequencing by synthesis using polymer-tagged nucleotides on a nanopore array. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016;113:5233-8.", "Shiv Kumar, Chuanjuan Tao, Minchen Chien, et al. PEG-Labeled Nucleotides and Nanopore Detection for Single Molecule DNA Sequencing by Synthesis. Scientific Reports 2012;2.", "www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160422075239.htm", "Christopher A Merchant, Ken Healy, Meni Wanunu, et al. DNA Translocation through Graphene Nanopores. Nano Lett 2010;10:2915-21.", "www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100726124418.htm", "Melinda A Yang, Qiaomei Fu. Insights into Modern Human Prehistory Using Ancient Genomes. Trends Genet 2018;34:184-96.", "www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125135609.htm", "Jacqueline Morris, Young-Ji Na, Hua Zhu, et al. Pervasive within-Mitochondrion SingleNucleotide Variant Heteroplasmy as Revealed by Single-Mitochondrion Sequencing. Cell Rep 2017;21:2706-13.", "www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/12/171206090704.htm", "Eugene Paulechka, Tsjerk A Wassenaar, Kenneth Kroenlein, Andrei Kazakov, Alex Smolyanitsky. Nucleobase-functionalized graphene nanoribbons for accurate high-speed DNA sequencing. Nanoscale 2016; 8:1861-7.", "www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/01/160115140134.htm"]}

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) sequencing is to determine the order of four chemical building blocks called “bases” that makes up DNA molecule. DNA sequence is a genetic information that is carried out in specific DNA segment. This DNA sequence information can be used to determine which stretches of DNA that contain genes and which transmit supervisory instructions, turning genes on or off and most importantly, sequence data can highlight variations in a gene that may cause disease. In DNA sequence, double helix, the four chemical bases constantly bond with the same paradigm to form base pairs. For instance, adenine (A) always sets withthymine (T); cytosine (C) always sets with guanine (G). This paring is the basis for the mechanism by which DNA molecules imitate when cells divide. Human genomecontains about 3 billion base pair sets that have instructions for making and maintaining a human being.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA sequence, DNA

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