Pharmacognostic standardization including physico-chemical evaluation is meant for identification, authentication, and detection of adulteration and also compilation of quality control standards of crude drugs. Standardization of herbal drugs has traditionally been based on appearance and today microscopic evaluation is indispensable in the initial identification of herbs, as well as in identifying small fragments of crude or powdered herbs and detection of foreign matter and adulterants. Therefore the present study is to investigate the macroscopical, microscopical, and physico-chemical characteristics of the plant of Breynia Retusa (Dennst). (Family - Euphorbiaceae). The results obtained from the study may play a major role in setting particular standards for the plant of Breynia Retusa (Dennst). This might broaden its pharmacognostic, pharmacological, botanical and economical importance.