Background: The global pursuit of justice is increasingly challenged by systemic inefficiencies, lack of transparency, and unequal access to legal remedies. In response, modern judicial frameworks are undergoing a digital transformation. Objective: This paper examines how emerging technologies—specifically blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), predictive analytics, and digital surveillance tools—can be leveraged to enhance accountability, reduce institutional bias, and democratize legal access. Methodology: Utilizing a comparative case study approach, this research analyses recent technological implementations across global criminal justice systems and public administration frameworks. It evaluates their direct impact on institutional transparency, evidence integrity, and marginalized communities. Results: The findings indicate that while technologies like body-worn cameras and decentralized ledgers significantly increase public accountability and safeguard chain-of-custody protocols, the deployment of automated risk-assessment tools often exacerbates historical algorithmic biases. Conclusion: This paper argues that technology is an invaluable tool for modernising justice, but its success depends on strict regulatory oversight. To achieve true accountability for all, systems must balance technological innovation with ethical design and human-centric legal frameworks.