Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), rooted in ancient texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and Arthashastra, provide a holistic framework that emphasizes harmony between humans, nature, and economic activities. In the context of the vision of Viksit Bharat, which aspires to transform India into a developed and sustainable nation, the integration of traditional wisdom with modern research and innovation has become increasingly significant. This study explores how principles embedded in Indian Knowledge Systems—such as sustainability, ethical governance, resource optimization, and community well-being—can be effectively aligned with contemporary scientific research and technological innovation. It highlights the potential of IKS in promoting sustainable development across key sectors including agriculture, healthcare, education, and entrepreneurship. The research adopts a conceptual and analytical approach by examining existing literature, policy frameworks, and real-world applications where traditional knowledge has been successfully integrated with modern practices. The study also discusses the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in reviving and commercializing indigenous knowledge systems in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, the paper identifies key challenges such as lack of awareness, standardization issues, and the gap between traditional knowledge and modern institutional frameworks. It suggests strategic measures including policy support, interdisciplinary research, and educational reforms to bridge these gaps.The findings indicate that integrating Indian Knowledge Systems with modern research and innovation can significantly contribute to achieving sustainable development goals and realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat. Such integration not only ensures environmental sustainability but also fosters inclusive growth, cultural preservation, and long-term economic resilience.