
A controlled timestamp-only projection of an ABD-style multiwriter quorum-register tag leaves completed reads current, exact, and linearizable while omitting the writer-identity component of the full protocol tag. Correctness therefore does not imply auditability at a distributed read boundary. A deterministic five-state host gives the protocol-independent companion: four sequential operations are totally ordered in real time, yet the read boundary exposes no source evidence. For an external specification fixed before the realization is chosen, zero-error boundary recovery exists exactly when all co-encoding locations agree and native source evidence aligns with the specified source and derivation relation. Under edit-generated source semantics, boundary agreement is equivalent to temporal zero-delay synchronization. Disjoint audited systems compose, but two independently verified services can assign incompatible roles to one shared location. Value projection likewise fails to preserve auditability; a certified refinement law transports it. A CAP partition carrier induces the corresponding read-boundary discriminator, but carrier data alone cannot supply the scheduler continuations required for an FLP transport. Finite DLS histories yield an exact stabilization-certificate bound and exclude one fixed evidence budget across all horizons. Protocol and replicated-storage rows illustrate the criterion across distributed boundaries. The substrate-independent ledger records the broader scope. Lean 4 verifies the finite models, reductions, abstraction maps, and internal bounds; the premises linking named systems to those models remain documentary.
distributed systems, formal methods, language design, Single Source of Truth, encoding systems
distributed systems, formal methods, language design, Single Source of Truth, encoding systems
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