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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Experimental Tests of the Black Hole Entropy Prediction of the Order Parameter Spacetime Theory — Gravitational Wave and Black Hole Shadow Observations

Experimental Tests of the Black Hole Entropy Prediction of the Order Parameter Spacetime Theory — Gravitational Wave and Black Hole Shadow Observations

Abstract

The Order Parameter Spacetime Theory provides an exclusive explanation for the microscopic origin of black hole entropy: S = ∫Ξ dA, the area integral of information dissipation at the horizon. Starting from the information-Einstein equation, the theory rigorously derives the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula S = A/4 at a type-B traversable singularity. The derivation chain depends on four core scaling relations, tested here by four independent observational channels. Channel 1 extracts the ratio C_τ ≡ τ/r_s from the ringdown phase of binary black hole mergers in LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA GWTC-3 public data, testing whether it is constant via χ² and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests—a veto test: if C_τ is not constant, the type-B singularity scaling is excluded. Channel 2 searches for the information dissipation-electromagnetic coupling constant η using EHT spatially resolved spectral index data of M87* and Sgr A*, with Bayesian model selection—standard GR predicts η≡0. Channel 3 searches for the information dissipation wake amplitude A_tail in the post-merger power spectrum of high-SNR GWTC-3 events—standard GR predicts A_tail≡0. Channel 4 tests whether the information dissipation scaling combination C_Υ ≡ Υ·r_s is constant in a BEC acoustic black hole experiment—a quantity unique to this theory. If all channels are positive (Bayes factor K>3), S = ∫Ξ dA is experimentally locked. If any channel reaches the falsification threshold (K<1/3), the explanation is excluded. Complete operational steps, formulas, and decision thresholds are provided for each channel.

Keywords

order parameter spacetime theory; black hole entropy; information dissipation; type-B singularity; information bottleneck theorem; gravitational waves; black hole shadow; analogue black hole

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citations
The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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