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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Datacite
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ZHK Spacetime Geometry: Geometric Derivation of Mass-Charge Coupling Constant k

Authors: Zhang, Dongyue;

ZHK Spacetime Geometry: Geometric Derivation of Mass-Charge Coupling Constant k

Abstract

Based on the unique ZHK spacetime identity axiom R≡CT and the intrinsic 45° three-dimensional right-handed helical spacetime topology, this paper strictly deduces the mass-charge coupling constant k via gravitational and electrostatic field equations combined with the time-evolution coupling relation of fields.The constant k=√(4πε₀/G) is an inherent topological invariant of spacetime without any artificial fitting parameters, which geometrically binds the gravitational constant G and vacuum permittivity ε₀, realizing the underlying unification of macroscopic gravitation and microscopic electromagnetism.Two sets of values of k are given: the CODATA observational approximation k_obs≈1.2911492220 and the pure geometric locked true value k_locked=1.29128. The systematic dimensional defect error of classical two-dimensional physical model is quantitatively calculated, which explains the origin of numerous empirical fitting parameters in Standard Model.This work standardizes two dimension systems of k: primitive spacetime dimension L·T⁻¹ and SI apparent composite dimension C·s·kg⁻¹, and permanently abandons the flawed incomplete dimension notation kg/C.The tiny deviation between observed value and geometric true value comes from local spacetime distortion and artificial unit projection, rather than defects of the ZHK theoretical system.

Keywords

ZHK spacetime unification; spacetime identity axiom; 45° helical spacetime; mass-charge coupling constant; topological invariant; dimensional defect error; gravitation-electromagnetism unification

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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