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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
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Paper XXXV: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from Hopf Vacuum Structure

Authors: Novickis, Alexander;

Paper XXXV: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from Hopf Vacuum Structure

Abstract

Title: Paper XXXV: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from Hopf Vacuum Structure Author: Alexander Novickis (alex.novickis@gmail.com) The Standard Model's electroweak sector — SU(2)L × U(1)Y gauge symmetry, spontaneous breaking to U(1)em, three massive and one massless gauge boson, and a scalar Higgs field — is conventionally built from an ad hoc scalar doublet with two free parameters (μ2, λ). We show that this entire structure emerges from the topology of the Hopf fibration S3 → S2 (with S1 fiber). The S3 isometry group SO(4) ≅ (SU(2)L × SU(2)R)/Z2 provides the gauge symmetry; squashing the Hopf fiber reduces SU(2)R to U(1)Y, carrying the Z2 through to give the electroweak group in its global form U(2) = (SU(2)L × U(1)Y)/Z2 — forced independently by the matter content (the center acts trivially on every Standard-Model fermion), i.e. the electroweak factor of (SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1))/Z6. When the soliton vacuum condenses — selecting a point on S2 — the pattern SU(2)L × U(1)Y → U(1)em follows without any scalar potential. The W± mass arises from the Skyrme term's energy cost for fiber reorientation; the Z0 mass from electroweak mixing; the photon remains massless as the unbroken U(1)em generator. The Weinberg angle sin2θW = 3/13 is derived geometrically with zero free parameters. The Higgs mass is obtained structurally as mH = √(2λ)·v, with the electroweak scale v = √2 me α−44/17 ≈ 245 GeV derived to 0.4% (the exponent 44/17 = (27+17)/17 with the charm count 27 forced by collective-sector character content and the generation step a single α-quantum, so yt ≈ 1 is a consistency check rather than an input; the chain's sole remaining structural condition is the central-step form) and the quartic λ near-critical, so mH is structural and metastable, in the near-critical window [123, 130] GeV containing the measured 125.25. All precision electroweak observables are reproduced at the per-mille level. The hierarchy problem is addressed by the topological determination of the electroweak scale together with the near-criticality of the Higgs self-coupling. Keywords: physics, electroweak, higgs, soliton, topology, symmetrybreaking, hopf, weinberg DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19109199 Series: Paper XXXV in the Hopf Soliton Programme

Keywords

electroweak symmetry breaking; Higgs mechanism; Hopf fibration; Weinberg angle; Higgs mass; near-criticality; gauge-Higgs unification; Kaluza-Klein; topological soliton; Berger sphere

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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