This Technical Note consolidates the diagnosis, guidelines and recommendations for addressing the problems caused by free-ranging wild boar populations (Sus scrofa) in the territory of Mato Grosso do Sul. The document was prepared within the scope of the Thematic Technical Chamber for Tackling Wild Boar, linked to the Mato Grosso do Sul State Forum on Climate Change, with a technical-consultative, propositional and advisory purpose. The wild boar is an invasive alien species with the potential to cause damage to agricultural production, risks to animal health and public health, as well as environmental impacts on soil, water bodies, native vegetation, regeneration areas and components of native fauna. The analysis was based on the participatory development of a Theory of Change, which identified structural causes associated with the low effectiveness of control actions, including fragmented governance, the absence of a permanent interinstitutional coordination arrangement, non-standardised operational protocols, weaknesses in data collection and validation, the absence of systematic effectiveness assessment and the need for a specific protocol for the safe disposal of carcasses. The Technical Note proposes four strategic axes: Permanent Governance and Rapid Response; Operational Effectiveness and Technological Innovation; Population, Damage and Effectiveness Monitoring System; and Territorial Prioritisation and Integrated Actions. The recommendations include the assessment of a stable interinstitutional arrangement, validation of capture methods, standardisation of protocols for management, biosecurity, culling and carcass disposal, definition of minimum data collection standards, validation mechanisms, performance indicators and prioritisation of sensitive areas, such as Conservation Units, buffer zones, agricultural regions, areas with a concentration of pig farming, territories with recurrent records of damage and areas relevant to tourism, biodiversity and water resources. It is concluded that tackling free-ranging wild boar requires continuous public policy, interinstitutional governance, evidence-based protocols, results monitoring and coordination between environmental management, agricultural health protection, public health, security, research, rural extension, municipalities, the productive sector and civil society. Complete eradication of the species does not appear feasible in the short term; therefore, the priority should be to reduce damage, health risks and environmental impacts through permanent, measurable and territorially prioritised actions. This Technical Note is technical, consultative and propositional in nature. It does not create obligations, authorise procedures or replace decisions by the competent bodies. The adoption of the suggested measures will depend on legal, technical, budgetary and operational analysis by the responsible bodies.