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Article . 2026
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Datacite
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EL IMPACTO DEL ESTRÉS OXIDATIVO Y LA ACTIVACIÓN INMUNOLÓGICA EN LA PATOGÉNESIS DE LA HIPERTENSIÓN: IMPLICACIONES MOLECULARES Y TERAPÉUTICAS

THE IMPACT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND IMMUNE ACTIVATION ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTENSION: MOLECULAR AND THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Urrea Ospina, Juan David; Ropero Cifuentes, Mateo Andrés; Grey Sayas, Angelica; Vega Loaiza, Juliana;

EL IMPACTO DEL ESTRÉS OXIDATIVO Y LA ACTIVACIÓN INMUNOLÓGICA EN LA PATOGÉNESIS DE LA HIPERTENSIÓN: IMPLICACIONES MOLECULARES Y TERAPÉUTICAS

Abstract

Tipo de artículo: Artículo de revisión Introducción: La hipertensión arterial es una enfermedad compleja y multifactorial que afecta aproximadamente a 1 280 millones de adultos en el mundo y constituye un factor de riesgo mayor para enfermedad cerebrovascular, cardiopatía isquémica, insuficiencia cardíaca y enfermedad renal crónica. Pese a los avances terapéuticos, el control tensional sigue siendo subóptimo y persisten lagunas en la comprensión de los mecanismos moleculares implicados, en particular el estrés oxidativo. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa estructurada de la literatura publicada entre 2000 y 2025 en PubMed, Scopus y Embase mediante una estrategia PICO con descriptores MeSH y DeCS, siguiendo los principios de la declaración PRISMA. Resultados: Las especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) desempeñan un papel central al alterar la función celular y tisular en los sistemas cardiovascular, renal y nervioso. Las NADPH oxidasas, principales fuentes enzimáticas de ROS, participan en la disfunción endotelial, la remodelación vascular, el daño renal y la inflamación. La interacción del estrés oxidativo con la activación inmunológica, la microbiota intestinal y los factores ambientales amplifica el daño vascular. Conclusión: Comprender los mecanismos moleculares del estrés oxidativo y de la activación inmunológica es esencial para diseñar terapias más específicas y eficaces que optimicen el control de la presión arterial y reduzcan las complicaciones asociadas.

Article type: Review article Introduction: Hypertension is a complex, multifactorial disease that affects approximately 1.28 billion adults worldwide and is a major risk factor for stroke, ischemic heart disease, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Despite therapeutic advances and recent guidelines such as the 2024 ESC and 2025 AHA/ACC, blood pressure control remains suboptimal and gaps persist in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly oxidative stress. Methods: A structured narrative review of the literature published between 2000 and 2025 was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Embase using a PICO strategy with MeSH and DeCS descriptors and following PRISMA principles. Results: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role by disrupting cellular and tissue function in the cardiovascular, renal and nervous systems. NADPH oxidases, the main enzymatic source of ROS, are involved in endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodelling, renal damage and inflammation. The interplay of oxidative stress with immune activation, the gut microbiota and environmental factors amplifies vascular injury. Conclusion: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and immune activation is essential to design more targeted and effective therapies that optimise blood pressure control and reduce associated complications.

Keywords

Hipertensión; Inflamación; Inmunidad; Estrés Oxidativo; Citocinas.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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