
Tipo de artículo: Caso clínico Introducción: el compromiso gastrointestinal del síndrome de Behçet es una manifestación grave, con morbimortalidad significativa y patrón clínico que puede confundirse con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Caso clínico: mujer de 29 años con dolor abdominal ileocecal, diarrea mucosanguinolenta y pérdida ponderal, con aftas orales recurrentes desde la adolescencia y úlceras genitales previas autolimitadas. La colonoscopia mostró múltiples úlceras profundas, redondeadas y bien delimitadas en íleon terminal y colon derecho, con mucosa interpuesta conservada. La biopsia evidenció infiltrado neutrofílico y vasculitis linfocítica submucosa sin granulomas. La paciente cumplió los Criterios Internacionales para Enfermedad de Behçet (ICBD) de 2014 con 5 puntos y los criterios coreanos para Behçet intestinal en categoría definitiva. Discusión: el patrón clínico, endoscópico e histopatológico es concordante con las principales series internacionales y permite un diagnóstico diferencial sólido frente a la enfermedad de Crohn. Se inició prednisona a 1 mg/kg/día con respuesta clínica en la primera semana, seguida de azatioprina a 2 a 2,5 mg/kg/día como mantenimiento, conforme a las recomendaciones de la European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2025. La evolución fue favorable, sin requerimiento quirúrgico ni recaídas. Conclusión: el reconocimiento temprano, la aplicación formal de los criterios diagnósticos vigentes y el tratamiento escalonado oportuno con glucocorticoides e inmunomoduladores modifican favorablemente el pronóstico y reducen las complicaciones graves.
Article type: Clinical case Introduction: gastrointestinal involvement in Behçet's syndrome is a severe manifestation with significant morbidity and mortality, and a clinical pattern that may overlap with inflammatory bowel disease. Case report: a 29-year-old woman presented with ileocecal abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss, with recurrent oral aphthous ulcers since adolescence and prior self-limited genital ulcers. Colonoscopy revealed multiple deep, round, well-demarcated ulcers in the terminal ileum and right colon, with preserved intervening mucosa. Biopsy showed neutrophilic infiltrate and submucosal lymphocytic vasculitis without granulomas. The patient met the 2014 International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ICBD) with a score of 5 points and fulfilled the Korean criteria for definite intestinal Behçet's disease. Discussion: the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological pattern is consistent with the main international series and supports a robust differential diagnosis against Crohn's disease. Prednisone at 1 mg/kg/day was initiated, with clinical response within the first week, followed by azathioprine at 2 to 2.5 mg/kg/day for maintenance, in line with the 2025 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations. The clinical course was favorable, with no surgical requirement or relapse. Conclusion: early recognition, formal application of current diagnostic criteria, and timely stepwise treatment with glucocorticoids and immunomodulators favorably modify prognosis and reduce severe complications.
Vasculitis; Azatioprina; Glucocorticoides; Inmunosupresores; Úlcera.
Vasculitis; Azatioprina; Glucocorticoides; Inmunosupresores; Úlcera.
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