This article provides a scientific and methodological analysis of the pedagogical potential of artificial intelligence technologies in developing students’ scientific literacy within the general secondary education system. The study examines the essence and content of scientific literacy, its structural components, the didactic capabilities of artificial intelligence tools, and methodologies for integrating them into the teaching and learning process. Furthermore, the article highlights the role of platforms such as PhET Interactive Simulations, ChatGPT, Khanmigo, Labster, and Google Colab in fostering scientific thinking, critical analysis, research skills, and practical competencies among students. International experiences, the advantages and limitations of AI technologies, as well as their ethical implications, are also discussed on a scientific basis..