Background: Strategic and Critical Minerals have become increasingly important in the twenty-first century dueto their essential role in advanced technologies and industrial development. In this context, mining and theindustrialization of these resources have emerged as significant drivers of economic growth and nationalcompetitiveness. This study examines the importance of Strategic and Critical Minerals, including Rare EarthElements, as catalysts for economic development through industrialization.Materials and Methods: This research adopted a qualitative approach to investigate the extent to which Strategicand Critical Minerals can promote economic development following their industrialization. The study employeda literature and documentary review, drawing upon three categories of sources: (1) publications presentingdefinitions of Strategic and Critical Minerals; (2) studies describing their industrial and technologicalapplications; and (3) sources addressing the relationship between these minerals and the industrializationprocess.Results: The reviewed literature demonstrated the broad range of industrial applications associated withStrategic and Critical Minerals, particularly in high-technology sectors. The findings also highlighted the strongconnection between the industrialization of these resources and economic development, emphasizing theirrelevance to technological innovation, industrial expansion, and value-added production chains.Conclusion: The results indicate that Strategic and Critical Minerals possess significant potential to fostereconomic growth in the twenty-first century, particularly in countries capable of developing, controlling, andintegrating their production chains into industrial and technological sectors. Therefore, the industrialization ofthese resources represents a strategic pathway toward sustainable economic development and enhancedinternational competitiveness.Key Word: Strategic Minerals; Critical Minerals; Rare Earth Elements; Industrial Development.