Cytokine Signatures in Newly Diagnosed and Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: Evaluation of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TGF-β Responses in Imo State
Ekenyem Kierian Chinenyeze; Azuike Chioma Gladys; Nwaigwe Chidera; Ayozie Paschal C.;
Cytokine Signatures in Newly Diagnosed and Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: Evaluation of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TGF-β Responses in Imo State
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge and is characterized by complex immune responses involving both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokines play crucial roles in granuloma formation, macrophage activation, bacterial containment, and tissue repair. Understanding cytokine dynamics during active disease and treatment may provide useful biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and therapeutic response.