Abstract This study examines bank credit and agricultural output in Nigeria from 1985-2024. The objectives of the study are to; determine the impact of deposit money banks’ loans and advances (DMBLA), interest rate (INTR), and government agricultural expenditure (GAX) on agricultural output (AGQ) in Nigeria from 1985–2024. Secondary data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple regression technique was employed for estimation. The results reveal that, DMBLA exerted indirect and statistically not significant impact on agricultural output, indicating that, bank credit to agriculture has not translated into substantial productivity gains. Similarly, INTR showed a negative but insignificant relationship with AGQ, suggesting that, high lending rates discouraged credit uptake without significantly influencing output. In contrast, GAX had direct and substantial impact on AGQ, highlighting the crucial role of public investment in driving agricultural growth. The model recorded R² value of 0.721, suggesting that, about 72% of variations in agricultural output were explained by the independent variables. The study recommends reforms in agricultural credit delivery, interest rate adjustments, targeted government spending, and stronger public–private collaboration to improve credit efficiency and foster sustainable growth in the Nigerian agricultural sector.