This article examines productive word formation patterns in modern English and Uzbek languages from a comparative perspective. Word formation is one of the most important mechanisms for vocabulary expansion and linguistic development. The study analyzes the most productive processes, including affixation, compounding, abbreviation, and borrowing, and identifies similarities and differences between the two languages. The research is based on descriptive and comparative methods. The findings reveal that affixation remains the dominant word formation process in both languages, although Uzbek relies more heavily on suffixation due to its agglutinative structure, while English demonstrates a greater variety of derivational patterns. The study contributes to comparative linguistics and language teaching by providing a clearer understanding of vocabulary development in English and Uzbek.