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Mirror Lens Central Obstruction Detected as Persistent Homology Signature in 2D Photographs

Authors: Cundill, Scott Colin;

Mirror Lens Central Obstruction Detected as Persistent Homology Signature in 2D Photographs

Abstract

A mirror lens (catadioptric) has a physical hole in its optical path, a central obstruction that projects out-of-focus highlights as donut-shaped rings rather than solid circles. We asked whether SCOTT (Structural and Coherent Order in Topological Transforms), a multi- metric image analysis instrument spanning fractal, geometric, and topological measures, could detect this three-dimensional optical feature from a flat two-dimensional photograph, with no knowledge of optics or lens type. The prediction was locked before any image was sourced: donut bokeh should produce higher Betti-1 counts and higher H1 persistence entropy in the edge point cloud, because the physical hole creates genuine topological loops that solid bokeh does not. A pilot run (n = 5 per category, three categories) confirmed the predicted metric ordering. A replication on independently sourced specimens (n = 15 solid, n = 20 donut) confirmed both primary metrics with large effects: H1 persistence entropy at Cohen’s d = 1.47, 95% CI [0.72, 2.22], p < 0.001, and Betti-1 at d = 1.09, 95% CI [0.37, 1.81], p = 0.002. A systematic brightness difference between categories (d = 0.82) wasidentified and tested directly via subsample matching, where both primary metrics survived and strengthened: H1 persistence entropy rose to d = 2.09, 95% CI [1.18, 3.00], and Betti-1 to d = 1.19, 95% CI [0.40, 1.98]. The instrument reads the topological shadow of a three-dimensional physical feature from two-dimensional image data.

Keywords

topological data analysis, mirror lens, persistent homology, topological data analysis, bokeh, catadioptric lens, mirror lens, image analysis, SCOTT, catadioptric lens, image analysis, SCOTT, persistent homology, bokeh

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Average