
Vehicle security and unauthorized vehicle operation remain significant challenges in modern transportation systems. Conventional vehicle access mechanisms rely on possession-based authentication methods such as mechanical keys and electronic locking systems, which fail to verify the identity and eligibility of the driver. This paper presents an IoT-Based Biometric Driver Validation and Vehicle Access Monitoring System that integrates fingerprint authentication, eligibility verification, driver activity monitoring, and adaptive speed control within a unified framework. The proposed system utilizes an R307 fingerprint sensor interfaced with an ESP32 microcontroller for biometric identification. Driver eligibility is validated through a structured SQL database that simulates Aadhaar-inspired identity verification. A throttle position sensor continuously monitors driver activity, while a BTS7960 motor driver enables PWM-based speed regulation and controlled vehicle operation. A web-based dashboard developed using modern web technologies provides real-time monitoring, user management, and operational logging. Experimental evaluation demonstrated reliable fingerprint enrollment and verification, accurate template identification, and successful integration of monitoring and control functions. The system achieved a fingerprint matching accuracy of approximately 95% with an enrollment success rate of 98%. The modular architecture supports scalability towards multi-vehicle environments and fleet management applications. Future enhancements include GPS-based vehicle tracking, geofencing, cloud deployment, advanced encryption mechanisms, multi-factor authentication, and integration with official driver verification frameworks. The proposed system establishes a practical and scalable foundation for intelligent vehicle access control and smart transportation applications.
Fingerprint Recognition, IoT, Driver Validation, Real-Time Monitoring, Smart Transportation, ESP32, Vehicle Access Control, Biometric Authentication
Fingerprint Recognition, IoT, Driver Validation, Real-Time Monitoring, Smart Transportation, ESP32, Vehicle Access Control, Biometric Authentication
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