This article analyzes documents related to the activities of the Central Asian branch of the USSR People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade, held in the funds of the National Archives of Uzbekistan, and highlights the history of the silk industry in Uzbekistan from 1867 to 1941 based on archival records. Furthermore, based on the files (folders) preserved in the National Archives of Uzbekistan, data concerning silk products cultivated and prepared within the territory of Uzbekistan are analyzed from the perspective of archival source studies and records management.