This article investigates cognitive biases (cognitive bias) and their impact on mathematical and logical thinking processes. The study is based on a survey conducted among students, where key cognitive biases such as anchoring bias, overconfidence bias, heuristic thinking, base-rate neglect, and pattern bias were analyzed. The results indicate that human decision-making is not always rational and is often influenced by intuitive thinking (System 1 thinking). The study emphasizes the importance of identifying cognitive biases and reducing their impact in decision-making processes.