Gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy (GPCL) has emerged as a minimally invasive surgical technique for the treatment of gallstones, which retains physiological gallbladder function while eliminating calculi. This study systematically summarizes the clinical application progress, surgical optimization strategies, complication prevention measures and patient-centered service innovation of GPCL. Individualized surgical protocols formulated based on gallbladder morphology and stone distribution characteristics effectively improve surgical precision and reduce intraoperative and postoperative adverse events. Meanwhile, a systematic postoperative rehabilitation system covering pain management, functional training and psychological counseling is constructed to promote patient recovery and improve postoperative quality of life.