This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via projects Project-ID 416229255 – SFB 1411 and project-ID 463473804. Furthermore, The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) by the Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Art. This study was also supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), KAKENHI (Grant Number JP24KK0102, JP21H05010), and the Materials Processing Science Project (Materealize; Grant Number JPMXP0219192801) of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. The synchrotron radiation experiments in this study were conducted at the NanoTerasu BL08W-SAXS beamline of the Photon Science Innovation Center (PhoSIC) under the Coalition Program. TEM measurements were conducted at the Analytical Research Core for Advanced Materials, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University.

This data publication is based on the metadata and datasets underlying the manuscript "Effective Thermal Conductivity of Various Surface-Modified Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles Dispersed in Cyclohexane" published in the International Journal of Thermophysics (DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03804-9). A description of the data included in this dataset is compiled in the "README.txt" file.