The prime purpose of this research is to clearly investigate into the impact of the prolonged illness of an employee on the efficiency of human resource: a case study of three selected parastatal organizations in Kasama district of Northern Province of Zambia. The research will use both qualitative and quantitative measurements because the study will be descriptive survey in nature. Data will be collected using individual questionnaires, personal interviews and other distribution averages for sake of clarity and authenticity. The targeted population will be 80 respondents. The sample size will be 30 which categorically consists of 15 employees, 3 managers, 4 human resource officers, 3 officials from civil societies and 5government officials from provincial administration. The basis of this abstract is the concern that prolonged illness of an employee has a serious impact on the provision of quality human resource in Zambia in particular parastatal institutions in Kasama district. This has prompted the researcher to find out how the scourge has affected the provision of quality human resource or services to the public in the selected parastatal organizations in Kasama District of Northern Province of Zambia: Zesco, Zamtel and Chambeshi Water respectively. The study actually consists of five chapters. Chapter one provides the introduction of the research problem, background of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and the significance of the study. Chapter two provides literature review. Chapter three gives research methodology and chapter four offers the research finding. Chapter five provide the conclusion and recommendations.