This article examines the role and influence of the scientific heritage of Eastern scholars on the development of historical thinking from a scientific and analytical perspective. It analyzes how the works of great thinkers such as Al-Khwarizmi, Avicenna (Ibn Sina), Al-Biruni, Al-Farabi, and Ibn Rushd influenced both Eastern and Western science not only during their own era but also in subsequent centuries. The study highlights the methodological, epistemological, and ontological significance of the heritage of Eastern scholars in shaping historical thinking. The research is based on qualitative analysis and comparative-historical methodology. The findings demonstrate that the scientific heritage of Eastern scholars constitutes an essential component of historical thinking and laid the foundation for the development of modern sciences.