Climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, particularly among small-scale farmers in developing countries such as Zambia. This study investigates the vulnerability of small-scale farmers in Nsama District and examines the adaptation strategies they employ to cope with climate-related challenges. A mixed-methods research design was used, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. Findings indicate that farmers are highly vulnerable due to their dependence on rain-fed agriculture, limited financial resources, and inadequate access to climate information. The study also reveals that farmers adopt various strategies such as crop diversification, conservation farming, and adjusting planting dates. However, these strategies are constrained by socio-economic and institutional barriers. The study recommends strengthening extension services, improving access to climate information, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.