The paper examines the scientific and methodological aspects of implementing a student lexicographical project focused on creating the "Dictionary of Cultural Concepts and Keywords of the Modern Era." The author substantiates the didactic value of integrating anthropocentric and linguoculturological approaches into the practice of philological education. The publication reveals the theoretical foundations for identifying the keywords of an era, describes in detail the macro- and microstructure of the projected dictionary, and analyzes the specifics of semanticizing dynamic mental phenomena by philology students.