This study investigates the influence of Fraud Hexagon elements on the likelihood of financial statement fraud in non-financial state-owned enterprises listed in Indonesia during the 2015–2024 period. The research applies a quantitative design and utilizes logistic regression analysis to examine the proposed relationships. The sample consists of 14 companies selected through purposive sampling techniques. Financial statement fraud is identified using the Beneish M-Score model. The independent variables represent the six dimensions of the Fraud Hexagon theory, namely financial stability, ineffective monitoring, auditor turnover, director turnover, frequency of CEO photographs, and political connections. The empirical findings indicate that financial stability, auditor turnover, and political connections are significantly associated with financial statement fraud. In contrast, ineffective monitoring, director turnover, and CEO photograph frequency do not demonstrate a significant relationship with fraudulent financial reporting. These results highlight the importance of pressure, rationalization, and collusion factors in explaining the occurrence of financial statement fraud within Indonesian non-financial state-owned enterprises.