Electric Vehicles (EVs) have emerged as one of the most promising solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing dependence on fossil fuels, and improving energy efficiency in the transportation sector. This paper reviews EV technology, charging infrastructure, battery systems, charging standards, smart charging systems, and future advancements. The paper also discusses challenges such as range anxiety, charging time, and grid overload while highlighting recent innovations including wireless charging and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) systems.