Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious diseases worldwide and continues to pose a significant threat to child health. Despite advances in diagnostics, vaccination, and treatment, pediatric tuberculosis remains a major public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The clinical course of tuberculosis in children differs significantly from that in adults due to age-related immunological characteristics, difficulties in diagnosis, and a higher risk of severe disseminated forms. The aim of this study is to analyze the current features of the clinical course of tuberculosis in children based on contemporary scientific literature.