This dataset contains relative abundances of diatoms versus sediment core depth and age in core SN2 from the Polar Front Zone of the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The relative abundances of all diatom species/taxa are tabulated for the past 38.376 ka BP (Table 1). Also, dataset includes total diatom abundances in core SN2 for the past 38.376 ka BP from the Polar Front Zone of the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The absolute abundances of significant diatom species/taxa, which mainly contributed to the total diatom abundances in core SN2 are also included. These species/taxa are Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Thalassiosira lentiginosa, Thalassiosira antarctica gp, Eucampia antarctica, Chaetoceros resting spores, and Thalassiothrix antarctica (Table 2).