This dataset contains electrical measurements acquired from a real-time Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation environment developed for fault diagnosis research in power electronic converters. The simulated system corresponds to a 2 MW two-level voltage source inverter (2L-VSI) connected to a three-phase 400/690 V, 50 Hz electrical grid and a 1500 V DC bus. The model was executed on a Typhoon HIL606 real-time simulator, enabling the controlled injection of multiple fault conditions while preserving the dynamic behavior of the converter. The dataset includes measurements collected under both nominal and faulty operating conditions. A total of 48 operating categories are represented, corresponding to one healthy operating mode and 47 fault conditions. The simulated faults include grid disturbances, DC-bus abnormalities, semiconductor failures, harmonic distortion, electrical noise, voltage deviations, frequency variations, phase-sequence alterations, short-circuits, and disconnection events. To improve dataset diversity and reduce phase-dependent bias, fault injection was performed at randomly selected temporal instants during converter operation. Included Measurements This repository contains the following measurement categories: id_mea = 10 — Three-Phase RMS Voltages Three-dimensional measurement composed of the RMS values of the three grid voltages. This low-dimensional representation characterizes the global electrical operating condition of the converter and the grid. Dimensions: 3 id_mea = 3 — Instantaneous DC Voltage and Current High-dimensional instantaneous measurements containing the DC-link capacitor voltage and input current sampled at switching frequency. The resulting vectorized representation captures transient and dynamic behaviors associated with fault conditions. Dimensions: 40 id_mea = 2 — Instantaneous Three-Phase Currents High-dimensional vectorized representation of the three-phase grid currents sampled at switching frequency. The measurement preserves the complete waveform information of the analyzed electrical cycle and enables the characterization of dynamic fault signatures. Dimensions: 60 Fault Categories Fault ID Fault element Fault description 1 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phase C and ground 2 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phase B and ground 3 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases B and C 4 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases B and C and the ground 5 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phase A and ground 6 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A and C 7 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A and C and the ground 8 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A and B 9 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A and B with the ground 10 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A, B and C 11 Short-circuit switches between phases and the ground Short-circuit between phases A, B, C and the ground 12 Alternative set of impedances/weak grid Changes of the value of the grid impedance 13 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of phase A 14 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of phase B 15 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of phase C 16 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of both phases A and B 17 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of both phases B and C 18 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of both phases A and C 19 Serial switches between the grid and the power converter Disconnection/Open circuit of the three phases (black-out) 20 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Increasing of the amplitude of one of the grid phases 21 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Decreasing of the amplitude of one of the grid phases 22 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Positive spikes in voltage of one grid’s phase 23 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Negative spikes in voltage of one grid’s phase 24 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Change in the grid phase sequence. Phase order {-120º, 0º, +120º} 25 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Change in the grid phase sequence. Phase order {+120º, -120º, 0º} 26 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Change in the grid phase sequence. Phase order {0º, -120º, +120º} 27 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Change in the grid phase sequence. Phase order {+120º, 0º, -120º} 28 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Change in the grid phase sequence. Phase order {-120º, +120º, 0º} 29 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Introducing positive phase lag into one of the grid phases 30 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Introducing negative phase lag into one of the grid phases 31 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Grid’s frequency variations 32 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant third harmonic in the grid 33 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant fifth harmonic in the grid 34 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant seventh harmonic in the grid 35 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant third and fifth harmonics in the grid 36 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant fifth and seventh harmonics in the grid 37 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant third and seventh harmonics in the grid 38 Three-phase voltage source that represent the grid Including non-compliant third, fifth and seventh harmonics in the grid 39 DC side voltage source Positive spike in DC voltage bus 40 DC side voltage source Negative spike in DC voltage bus 41 DC side voltage source Low DC voltage bus value 42 Short-circuit switches between DC terminals and the ground Short-circuit between DC side positive terminal and the ground 43 Short-circuit switches between DC terminals and the ground Short-circuit between DC side negative terminal and the ground 44 Short-circuit switches between DC terminals and the ground Short-circuit between both DC side terminals 45 Short-circuit switches between DC terminals and the ground Short-circuit between both DC side terminals and the ground 46 Modulator/IGBT driver/IGBT Blocking of one IGBT in open state 47 Modulator/IGBT driver/IGBT Blocking of one IGBT in closed state Data Format Each sample is stored in JSON format and contains: id_error: fault category identifier. mea_value: measurement vector. Additional metadata associated with the acquisition process. Related Publication This dataset was generated for the study: "Hybrid Fault-Space Restructuring for Machine Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis in Power Electronic Converters".