This article analyzes the development of architecture in the territories of the Bukhara Emirate and the Khiva Khanate during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, highlighting its distinctive features and major architectural monuments. The study demonstrates that despite political fragmentation, cultural and architectural progress continued throughout this period. It is emphasized that the architecture of Bukhara was characterized by Islamic traditions, simplicity, and functionality, whereas the architecture of Khiva was distinguished by rich ornamentation, colorful tilework, and the formation of integrated urban ensembles. Furthermore, the article compares the architectural traditions of the two regions and examines their significance within the cultural heritage of Central Asia.