Effective communication between parents and children is considered one of the most important factors in ensuring psychological stability, emotional well-being, and healthy social development within the family environment. In modern society, rapid technological development, social transformation, and changing educational paradigms have significantly influenced interpersonal communication patterns within families. This article analyzes scientific-theoretical approaches to optimizing communication between parents and children and preventing or eliminating communicative problems. The study examines psychological, pedagogical, sociological, and communicative theories related to family interaction. Special attention is given to democratic parenting styles, emotional intelligence, empathy, active listening, conflict management, and modern digital communication challenges. The article also discusses the influence of attachment theory, family systems theory, behavioral theories, and social learning theory on family communication. Practical recommendations and scientifically grounded strategies for strengthening parent-child interaction are proposed. The findings indicate that healthy communication contributes to emotional security, social adaptation, academic success, and psychological resilience in children.