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Other literature type . 2026
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Research . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Research . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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The Non-Associative No-Cloning Theorem and the Fano-Token: Target Obstruction, Map Collapse, and Active Forgery Detection via the Exceptional Jordan Algebra $\mathfrak{J}_{3}(\mathbb{O})$

Authors: Buckley, Ian R. C.;

The Non-Associative No-Cloning Theorem and the Fano-Token: Target Obstruction, Map Collapse, and Active Forgery Detection via the Exceptional Jordan Algebra $\mathfrak{J}_{3}(\mathbb{O})$

Abstract

Wiesner's quantum money protocol was conceived around 1970, over a decade before Wootters and Zurek established the No-Cloning Theorem. Its security was argued operationally; No-Cloning later supplied the proof-theoretic foundation. This paper asks whether the Exceptional Jordan Algebra $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$ (the Albert algebra) admits a non-associative No-Cloning theorem that is strictly stronger than the standard one, and what it implies for quantum money. The standard No-Cloning proof uses only linearity and the bilinear tensor structure; it does not use associativity, so a direct translation to $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$ recovers only the standard result in new notation. The genuinely non-associative obstruction is of a different character: it concerns not the impossibility of a cloning map but the impossibility of a cloning target. We prove two theorems. Theorem 3.1 (NA No-Cloning --- Target Obstruction): the two-copy system of $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$ does not exist as a Jordan algebra. Any Jordan algebra containing two commuting copies of $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$ would be special (embeddable in an associative algebra), contradicting the exceptionality of $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$ (Albert). There is no valid target into which an octonionic state can be cloned while remaining in the same algebraic category. Theorem 3.3 (NA No-Cloning --- Map Collapse): any Jordan algebra homomorphism $\Phi\colon \mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O}) \to A_{sa}$ into the self-adjoint part of an associative algebra $A$ satisfies $\Phi([x, y, z]) = 0$ for all $x, y, z \in \mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$. Since non-Fano associators span the 16-dimensional Peirce-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ subspace of $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$, $\Phi$ collapses 16 of the 27 dimensions of $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$. A dimension-collapsing map cannot clone. Together these theorems say: for octonionic quantum states, No-Cloning holds for a reason the standard theorem does not reach. The obstruction is structural, not just linear-algebraic. The Fano-Token protocol encodes a quantum banknote as a rank-1 projector in $\mathfrak{J}_3(\mathbb{O})$, the Furey projector $P_\ell$ stabilised by the $G_2$ automorphism group. As a Corollary 4.1 of Theorem 3.3 , any associative measurement operator $M$ applied to $P_\ell$ produces a defect equal to the associator $[P_\ell, M, P_\ell]$, with norm $2$ for non-Fano-compatible $M$. This converts Wiesner's passive defense into an active alarm: unauthorized measurement is detectable instantaneously, without token retrieval. The physical claim that this defect manifests as a measurable energy transition in the 731-QPU hardware is stated as Conjecture and kept separate from the algebraic results.

Keywords

Fano-Token, Non-Associative Algebra, Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Money, Adelic Simplicial Architecture, Albert Algebra, Financial Technology, Exceptional Jordan Algebra, No-Cloning Theorem

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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