This study focuses on examining cultural intelligence and leadership effectiveness in Nigerian organisations. The research adopts a conceptual and exploratory approach to investigate how cultural intelligence, through its core dimensions of cultural awareness, cultural empathy, cultural motivation, and cultural knowledge, influences leadership practices in multicultural organizational environments. The study addresses key issues relating to leadership challenges in culturally diverse workplaces, including communication barriers, cultural misunderstandings, and the need for adaptive leadership strategies. Findings from the review indicate that cultural intelligence significantly enhances leadership effectiveness by enabling leaders to understand cultural differences, build trust, communicate effectively, and adapt leadership behaviours to diverse contexts. Cultural awareness supports inclusive decision-making, cultural empathy strengthens interpersonal relationships, cultural motivation drives engagement with diversity, and cultural knowledge informs culturally appropriate leadership actions. The study concludes that cultural intelligence is a critical leadership competency in culturally diverse settings and offers significant theoretical and practical implications to organisational success.