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ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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A Web-Based Stroke Risk Prediction System Using Ensemble Machine Learning: Development, Evaluation, And Clinical Utility

Authors: T. T. Visali; D. Harini; S. Prathi;

A Web-Based Stroke Risk Prediction System Using Ensemble Machine Learning: Development, Evaluation, And Clinical Utility

Abstract

Stroke is a leading global cause of mortality and long-term disability, yet the majority of strokes are preventable through early risk stratification and timely clinical intervention. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a web-based stroke risk prediction system that integrates ensemble machine learning with a Flask-based clinical decision support interface. Five classification algorithms — Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbours, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest — are trained and compared on the publicly available Kaggle stroke prediction dataset (n = 5,110 records, 11 clinical and demographic features). Class imbalance, which afflicts 95.13% of records as non-stroke, is addressed through Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) before model training. Random Forest achieves the highest performance, with an accuracy of 88.7%, precision of 87.4%, recall of 83.2%, F1-score of 85.3%, and AUC-ROC of 0.918. The serialised model is deployed through a Flask web application that accepts eleven clinical inputs, executes real-time inference, and returns a binary stroke risk prediction with an explanatory probability score. Comparative benchmarking against four published stroke prediction studies confirms that the proposed system achieves competitive accuracy and is the only implementation among the compared works to integrate both SMOTE-balanced ensemble modelling and a deployable web interface within a unified pipeline. The system is intended as a low-cost clinical decision-support tool for healthcare practitioners and risk-aware individuals in resource-limited settings.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green