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ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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GSCO: The Global Standard Classification of Occupations — A Deterministic Multilingual Database to Solve the N² Cross-Table Problem in International Occupation Classification

Authors: Dreshmanis, Maris;

GSCO: The Global Standard Classification of Occupations — A Deterministic Multilingual Database to Solve the N² Cross-Table Problem in International Occupation Classification

Abstract

GSCO (Global Standard Classification of Occupations) is a deterministic multilingual database that aggregates 129 national occupation classifiers into a single ISCO-08-aligned structure to expose and resolve cross-table incoherence. The paper documents the methodology, audits 22 common professions across all 9 ISCO major groups, and demonstrates concrete cases where national taxonomies diverge irreconcilably from ISCO-08 — including renumbered major groups (South Africa OFO 2017), parser-truncation bugs (Brunei BDSOC), and absent occupations (Togo zemidjan moto-taxi, Honduras moto-taxi forestal, Guatemala bicitaxis). Includes worked examples for ISCO 2221 (nurses vs financial brokers vs medical doctors), the universal teacher/taxi-driver case, and recommendations for the ILO's ISCO-28 working group (active revision phase 2026–2028). Open dataset and per-country reports at https://gsco.io. Repository: https://github.com/Reincarnatiopedia/gsco

Keywords

yoga instructor classification, moto-taxi, Zemidjan, occupation correspondence, ILO, P106, YAMAT-08, open data, cross-table problem, OZMST, International Labour Organization, BDSOC, multilingual occupation labels, open registry, taxi driver classification, global classification, ISCO-08, UEMOA, Maris Dreshmanis, occupation classification, International Standard Classification of Occupations, KldB, ISCO sub-major group, ISCO minor group, employment classification, occupation data quality, migrant credentials, qualification recognition, ISCO unit group, Šifarnik, occupation crosswalk, N-squared problem, Academy of Reincarnationology, Global Standard Classification of Occupations, JSCO, Reincarnatiopedia, occupation data harmonization, RGPH, GSCO, AFRISTAT, labor statistics, bicitaxis, ISCO-28, skill level, hypnotherapist classification, teacher classification, ROME, Wikidata bot, ISCO, national occupation registries, ANZSCO, labour statistics, professional mobility, KZBiH-08, AK-2008, occupation taxonomy, Wikidata occupations, cross-classifier mapping, Māris Drešmanis, deterministic dataset, OFO 2017

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average