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RISK ATTITUDES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOGRAPHIC PROFILES: Gender Differences in Longitudinal Sociological Data from Bulgaria (2012–2023)

Authors: Koutelov, Rossen;

RISK ATTITUDES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOGRAPHIC PROFILES: Gender Differences in Longitudinal Sociological Data from Bulgaria (2012–2023)

Abstract

This paper analyzes gender-differentiated dynamics in risk attitudes within the framework of a longitudinal psychographic segmentation methodology applied in Bulgaria between 2012 and 2023. The study demonstrates that while the four psychographic groups identified by the methodology (Seekers, Members, Solitary, and Bearings) remain stable in structure, their proportional shares within the population shift systematically under the influence of acute societal stressors. The analysis reveals that women exhibit significantly stronger fluctuations in risk propensity than men during periods of heightened societal danger, such as the migration crisis (2015–2018), the COVID‑19 pandemic (2020–2022), and the subsequent geopolitical and political instability. These shifts manifest as a marked decline in the share of women belonging to the high‑risk Seekers group and a parallel increase in the most risk‑averse Bearings group. The findings highlight a key practical implication: psychographic group distributions are not static but responsive to external shocks, and these responses are gender‑differentiated in predictable ways. This has direct relevance for communication strategy, behavioral prediction, and the design of targeted messages during periods of societal stress. Originally published in: Economy, Society and Human Resources in the Challenge of Time. Collection of reports from a scientific conference. UNWE, Sofia, 2024, pp. 1361–1375. ISBN 978‑619‑232‑903‑7.

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