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International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics
Article . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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HYBRID E-VOTING: INTEGRATING HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION AND DLT FOR POLARIZED SCENARIOS

Authors: Furio Ruggiero;

HYBRID E-VOTING: INTEGRATING HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION AND DLT FOR POLARIZED SCENARIOS

Abstract

E-voting in polarized contexts requires a strict balance between public verifiability, ballot secrecy, and coercion resistance. Traditional centralized systems lack transparency, while fully decentralized models face scalability and privacy issues. This paper proposes a hybrid architecture compliant with OSCE/ODIHR standards [1] for low-trust environments. The protocol decouples identity from voting an off-chain Oracle manages authorization via cryptographic tokens, while the Waves DLT acts as an immutable bulletinboard.Utilizinghomomorphicencryption[2],Zero-KnowledgeRangeProofs(ZKRP) [3], and Distributed Key Generation (DKG) [4], the system ensures End-to-End Verifiability (E2E) by delegating tallying to auditable scripts. Finally, the study examines model limitations, specifically regarding endpoint vulnerabilities and physical constraints on coercion resistance.

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold