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Conference object . 2026
License: CC BY
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Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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AI-Powered Dental X-Ray Analysis and Diagnosis Prediction Using ML and Multimodal LLM

Authors: Joshy, Alex; Joseph, Binumon;

AI-Powered Dental X-Ray Analysis and Diagnosis Prediction Using ML and Multimodal LLM

Abstract

Dental caries, periapical lesions, and impacted teeth remain among the most prevalent yet underdiagnosed oral health conditions globally, largely due to limited access to specialist radiologists and delays in manual interpretation of dental radiographs. This paper presents the design and implementation of a hybrid ML and AI-powered dental X-ray analysis and diagnosis prediction module integrated into the Neurodent web-based dental clinic management system. The system employs a two-stage architecture: a YOLOv8n model trained on dental radiographic data performs deterministic anomaly detection and localisation, producing structured bounding-box findings; these findings are then passed to Meta’s Llama 4 Scout (17B) multimodal large language model, accessed via the Groq inference API, which synthesises higher-level clinical diagnoses, urgency classifications, and patient-facing summaries. This separation of visual detection from clinical-language reasoning improves traceability, eliminates hallucinated bounding boxes, and grounds all diagnoses in explicitly detected radiographic evidence. The system delivers real-time pre-screening without requiring specialist radiologists, making it suitable for telemedicine and resource-constrained dental settings

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Keywords

Dental AI, YOLOv8, Object Detection, Hybrid ML-LLM, Llama 4 Scout, Groq, Computer-Aided Detection, Caries Detection, Diagnosis Prediction, Urgency Classification, Clinical Triage, Dental Radiograph Analysis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average