This dataset contains processed air quality data used for the preparation of a scientific paper focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient PM10. The data were collected during three sampling campaigns carried out in the South Moravian Region and the Vysočina Region, Czech Republic, in winter 2022, summer 2022, and winter 2023. The dataset includes sampling metadata, locality and regional information, population size, geographic coordinates, PM10 concentration, air temperature, total PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), concentrations of selected individual PAH compounds, and the diagnostic ratio IPY/BPE. These data were used for statistical evaluation of spatial and seasonal patterns of PAH pollution and for identification of potential emission sources.