This article examines inheritance rights in Uzbekistan from the viewpoint of the individual who plans an estate and the individual who later must claim it. Uzbekistan’s Constitution guarantees the right to inherit, but the real-life meaning of that guarantee is shaped by the Civil Code, notarial procedure, and court interpretation.[1] The article explains how personal autonomy is expressed through wills, why that autonomy is protected only when intention is translated into proper legal form, and how family claims can lawfully limit a testator’s freedom through mandatory protections (including the compulsory share).